Solar off-grid power system consists of solar panels, microprocessor controller, battery and inverter. It is most used in off electric area which away the public power network and some special places, such as outlying country, a pasturing area, island, plateau and the fish man in desert area. It provides the basic life electric for these places, such as lighting, watching TV, broadcasting, etc. And also provides power for communication relay station, the navigation mark of coast and inland, weather power station, frontier defense sentry, hydrographic monitoring, etc.

1. PV Array: A number of PV panels connected in series and/or in parallel giving a DC output out of the incident irradiance. Orientation and tilt of these panels are important design parameters, as well as shading from surrounding obstructions.

2. PV controller: control battery bank charge and discharge reasonable and safety.

3. Inverter: A power converter that “inverts” the DC power from the panels into AC power. The characteristics of the output signal should match the voltage, frequency and power quality limits in the supply network.

4. Battery bank: can be a single battery or multiple batteries connected together to create essentially one large battery of the required voltage and amp-hour capacity. In some ways the battery configuration and capacity are the most important electrical power decision to make, and a wise choice can help guarantee a steady supply of electrical power as well as a system that is simple to operate and maintain.

5. Loads: Stands for the network connected appliances in the building that are fed from the inverter, or, alternatively, from the grid

Solar on-grid power system consists of solar panels, a system controller and inverter. Solar panel will produce DC(Direct Current) electricity, and this electricity will be run though the converter and inverter to produce AC(Alternating Current) electricity. Then this energy is run into AC power panel back to the utility companies’ power grid. As on-grid solar power system enjoys the advantages of battery-free and low cost, this can make the system operation life longer. It also can remote monitoring during the operating. It has been become the main stream in solar power generation. The system brings benefits of pollution reduction, energy conservation and environment protection, all of which make remarkable social values.

Grid Connected PV system design has the following components:

1. PV Array or Generator: A number of PV panels connected in series and/or in parallel giving a DC output out of the incident irradiance. Orientation and tilt of these panels are important design parameters, as well as shading from surrounding obstructions.

2. Inverter: A power converter that “inverts” the DC power from the panels into AC power. The characteristics of the output signal should match the voltage, frequency and power quality limits in the supply network.

3. Loads: Stands for the network connected appliances in the building that are fed from the inverter, or, alternatively, from the grid.

4. Meters: They account for the energy being drawn from or fed into then local supply network.

5. Local Supply Network: A single or three-phase network managed by a Public Electricity Supplier. The supply network acts both as a sink for energy surplus in the building or as a backup for low local generation periods.